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List of African countries by population

Source UN (World Population Prospects 2019)
Date11 Oct 2021
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Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, followed by Ethiopia and Egypt. These three countries have a total number of humans above 100 mn. The top ten countries together hold a 61% share of the Africa population. As of 2021, 32 countries have a population above 10 million. The least populous country in Africa is Seychelles. Saint Helena is the least populous region in Africa. Eight countries/dependent territories in Africa have a population below one million.

Only one African country is in the list of the top ten most populous countries globally as it hosts Nigeria, the world's 7th most populous country. Fourteen countries are within the top 50 world population ranking.

Out of 58 countries/territories, None of the countries would see a population decrease in 2021 compared to 2020. Nigeria would be the top contributor to the total population increment in 2021. Nigeria accounts for 16 percent of the total population increase in Africa. Nigeria's population would increase by 5.26 million, followed by Ethiopia (2.9 mn) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2.8 mn). Nine countries will add at least one mn humans in 2021.

Niger would have the highest population growth rate of 3.82% in 2021. Six countries in Africa have a growth rate above 3%. Eight countries have a growth rate above 2%. Nine countries are on the list of the world's top 10 fastest-growing nations. Only six countries have a growth rate below 1%.

DR Congo, which is currently at 3rd position, will surpass Egypt by 2050 and Ethiopia by 2100 to become the 2nd most populous country in Africa.

In 1950, Western Sahara was the least populous country in Africa. Now Seychelles will remain the least populous country until 2100.

  • Population
  • Growth rate (%)
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Population (UN)
Country/Region Population Share (%) Rank Growth (2021) Growth Rank
20202021 AfricaWorldAfricaWorldNet%AfricaWorld
Burundi11,890,78112,255,4290.8920.1563078364,6483.0756
Comoros869,595888,4560.06470.01135216318,8612.173546
Djibouti988,0021,002,1970.07300.01275016014,1951.444774
Eritrea3,546,4273,601,4620.2620.04574013355,0351.554567
Ethiopia114,963,583117,876,2268.581.502122,912,6432.532427
Kenya53,771,30054,985,7024.000.6987261,214,4022.263443
Madagascar27,691,01928,427,3332.070.3611551736,3142.662022
Malawi19,129,95519,647,6811.430.2492161517,7262.711618
Mauritius1,271,7671,273,4280.09270.0162481571,6610.1358193
Mayotte272,813279,5070.02040.00355551866,6942.452731
Mozambique31,255,43532,163,0452.340.4081346907,6102.901314
Réunion895,308901,6960.06570.0115511626,3880.7155140
Rwanda12,952,20913,276,5170.9670.1692876324,3082.502629
Seychelles98,34098,9100.007200.00126572005700.5856152
Somalia15,893,21916,359,5001.190.2082573466,2812.931011
South Sudan11,193,72911,381,3770.8290.1453283187,6481.684462
Uganda45,741,00047,123,5333.430.5988301,382,5333.0267
United Republic of Tanzania59,734,21361,498,4384.480.7815231,764,2252.95910
Zambia18,383,95618,920,6571.380.2402265536,7012.921112
Zimbabwe14,862,92715,092,1711.100.1922674229,2441.544670
Angola32,866,26833,933,6112.470.43112431,067,3433.2534
Cameroon26,545,86427,224,2621.980.3461652678,3982.562225
Central African Republic4,829,7644,919,9870.3580.06253812590,2231.874155
Chad16,425,85916,914,9851.230.2152472489,1262.9889
Congo5,518,0925,657,0170.4120.071836116138,9252.522528
Democratic Republic of the Congo89,561,40492,377,9866.731.174162,816,5823.1445
Equatorial Guinea1,402,9851,449,8910.1060.01844715346,9063.3423
Gabon2,225,7282,278,8290.1660.02894414653,1012.393337
Sao Tome and Principe219,161223,3640.01630.00284561874,2031.923953
Botswana2,351,6252,397,2400.1750.03044314545,6151.943850
Eswatini1,160,1641,172,3690.08540.01494915912,2051.0552104
Lesotho2,142,2522,159,0670.1570.02744514716,8150.7854134
Namibia2,540,9162,587,3440.1880.03294114346,4281.834259
South Africa59,308,69060,041,9964.370.762625733,3061.244990
Benin12,123,19812,451,0310.9070.1582977327,8332.701719
Burkina Faso20,903,27821,497,0971.570.2731959593,8192.841415
Cabo Verde555,988561,9010.04090.00714541725,9131.0651103
Côte d'Ivoire26,378,27527,053,6291.970.3441753675,3542.562124
Gambia2,416,6642,486,9370.1810.03164214470,2732.911213
Ghana31,072,94531,732,1282.310.4031447659,1832.123647
Guinea13,132,79213,497,2370.9830.1712775364,4452.781516
Guinea-Bissau1,967,9982,015,4900.1470.02564615047,4922.413135
Liberia5,057,6775,180,2080.3770.065837122122,5312.422933
Mali20,250,83420,855,7241.520.2652060604,8902.9978
Mauritania4,649,6604,775,1100.3480.060639127125,4502.701921
Niger24,206,63625,130,8101.830.3191856924,1743.8212
Nigeria206,139,587211,400,70415.42.68175,261,1172.552326
Saint Helena6,0716,0950.000440.0000858229240.4057168
Senegal16,743,93017,196,3081.250.2182369452,3782.701820
Sierra Leone7,976,9858,141,3430.5930.10334103164,3582.063748
Togo8,278,7378,478,2420.6170.10833102199,5052.413236
Algeria43,851,04344,616,6263.250.5671034765,5831.754360
Egypt102,334,403104,258,3277.591.323141,923,9241.884054
Libya6,871,2876,958,5380.5070.08843510787,2511.274887
Morocco36,910,55837,344,7872.720.4741140434,2291.185095
Sudan43,849,26944,909,3513.270.5709331,060,0822.423034
Tunisia11,818,61811,935,7640.8690.1523179117,1460.9953109
Western Sahara597,330611,8720.04450.007775317014,5422.432832
Africa 1,340,598,113 1,373,486,472 17.44 32,888,359 2.45
Projected population (UN)
Country/Region 1950 2000 2050 2100
PopulationRankPopulationRankPopulation RankPopulationRank
Burundi2,308,927296,378,8713125,324,7702750,904,07225
Comoros159,45952542,358521,471,738492,186,50948
Djibouti62,00053717,577501,295,368501,331,65651
Eritrea822,347392,292,413406,005,492409,061,77739
Ethiopia18,128,030366,224,8093205,410,6712294,392,9033
Kenya6,076,757931,964,557791,575,0926125,423,85510
Madagascar4,083,5481815,766,8061654,048,1311499,957,34012
Malawi2,953,8712111,148,7512138,142,9712266,559,38622
Mauritius493,258441,185,147471,185,52551827,30353
Mayotte15,13856150,33155494,85155745,69154
Mozambique5,958,9821017,711,9251365,312,93112123,646,94711
Réunion248,11449736,714491,009,87552901,24952
Rwanda2,186,183327,933,6882923,048,0013033,412,64329
Seychelles36,3255580,99857104,5615788,32757
Somalia2,264,076308,872,2502634,922,4492375,716,42920
South Sudan2,482,306276,199,3963219,962,7153131,738,06430
Uganda5,158,1911223,650,1591189,446,9017136,784,8769
United Republic of Tanzania7,649,765833,499,1776129,386,8455285,651,8464
Zambia2,310,4362810,415,9422339,120,9062181,546,19816
Zimbabwe2,746,8522211,881,4821823,947,9212930,965,42131
Angola4,548,0211516,395,4771577,420,3559188,283,1326
Cameroon4,307,0211615,513,9441750,573,0361790,225,17814
Central African Republic1,326,660353,640,421368,400,9543911,631,41038
Chad2,502,321258,355,6542734,031,3102461,849,82024
Congo827,246383,127,4203710,701,9913520,961,98733
Democratic Republic of the Congo12,183,662547,105,8304194,488,6633362,031,0822
Equatorial Guinea225,53050606,180512,820,923464,510,63145
Gabon473,296451,228,359453,809,049435,859,22542
Sao Tome and Principe59,99854142,26456394,16356708,09755
Botswana412,541461,643,333433,509,813454,165,86146
Eswatini272,997481,005,432481,704,428482,145,19849
Lesotho704,686402,032,805412,665,265472,695,43847
Namibia514,378431,794,583423,981,125425,373,58944
South Africa13,628,434444,967,713575,517,9091079,190,83218
Benin2,255,222316,865,9463024,280,4842847,208,99826
Burkina Faso4,284,4551711,607,9511943,432,1742083,194,23315
Cabo Verde178,06451428,17853679,39954603,94956
Côte d'Ivoire2,630,1312316,454,6601451,263,6701696,632,72113
Gambia304,895471,317,708444,882,099418,175,55340
Ghana5,036,1511319,278,8501252,016,1231579,011,40919
Guinea3,012,938208,240,7352825,971,8072645,256,87627
Guinea-Bissau535,438421,201,305463,557,202445,706,28943
Liberia930,022372,848,447389,339,7553615,525,03636
Mali4,708,4251410,946,4482243,585,5331980,382,69717
Mauritania651,434412,630,217399,024,8913717,064,60734
Niger2,559,7062411,331,5612065,593,04311164,947,3377
Nigeria37,859,7501122,283,8531401,314,9971732,941,5961
Saint Helena5,249586,054585,781584,49658
Senegal2,486,642269,797,7312433,186,8502563,515,35723
Sierra Leone2,041,201334,584,5703512,944,8753416,675,19735
Togo1,395,451344,924,4063415,415,5053226,949,19132
Algeria8,872,250731,042,238860,923,3901370,704,61921
Egypt20,451,988268,831,5612159,956,8094224,735,1805
Libya1,124,519365,357,893338,525,412388,011,54041
Morocco8,985,986628,793,672946,165,4971844,707,86428
Sudan5,733,7891127,275,0191081,192,8218142,342,3568
Tunisia3,605,312199,708,3472513,796,6003312,972,28537
Western Sahara13,76357314,11654984,024531,383,77350
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